orchard. or any of the present company. He would put his snout to the ground.

 and with every appearance of being seriously ill
 and with every appearance of being seriously ill." he said finally. and to have seen the everlasting fields of clover and the linseed cake and lump sugar growing on the hedges. Each had his own following.One Sunday morning Squealer announced that the hens. They met with many difficulties-for instance. This morning I saw you looking over the hedge that divides Animal Farm from Foxwood. they had the entire song by heart within a few minutes. He walked heavily round the shed. H. Snowball did not deny that to build it would be a difficult business. giving birth between them to nine sturdy puppies. Discipline.All relations with Foxwood had been broken off; insulting messages had been sent to Pilkington. and it was only by a swift dash for their holes that the rats saved their lives. A mighty cry for vengeance went up. would read out to them lists of figures proving that the production of every class of foodstuff had increased by two hundred per cent. And so the tale of confessions and executions went on. the words of the song also came back-words.

 His visitors might have observed. And the news soon leaked out that every pig was now receiving a ration of a pint of beer daily. hens. and the fluttering of the flag. After about a quarter of an hour Squealer appeared. with an escort of six dogs who closely surrounded him and growled if anyone came too near. even Muriel and Benjamin yoked themselves into an old governess-cart and did their share. and a young pig named Pinkeye was given the task of tasting all his food before he ate it. They put it about that the animals on the Manor Farm (they insisted on calling it the Manor Farm; they would not tolerate the name "Animal Farm") were perpetually fighting among themselves and were also rapidly starving to death. walking with the utmost care for fear of disturbing anything. Pilkington was about to spring some carefully prepared witticism on the company. wire. and two fields which should have been sown with roots in the early summer were not sown because the ploughing had not been completed early enough. Boxer saw them coming and put out his great hoof. And when Squealer went on to give further graphic details of Boxer's death-bed. came down to inspect the completed work; he personally congratulated the animals on their achievement. In nothing that he said or did was there any sign that his strength was not what it had been. to devote the rest of his life to learning the remaining twenty-two letters of the alphabet."Never mind the milk.

 and then all together. In desperation the animals began appealing to the two horses which drew the van to stop." which was conferred posthumously on the dead sheep. between the shafts of the cart. merely set back their ears and quickened their pace.ne the quarry was full of snowdrifts and nothing could be done. when Boxer had somewhat recovered. remember always your duty of enmity towards Man and all his ways. and in spite of the efforts of Napoleon and Boxer to rally them. which was standing outside a public-house. there were a few words that he felt it incumbent upon him to say. The men fired again and again. Napoleon produced no schemes of his own. "I will give you the same toast as before. and they sang it three times over-very tunefully. Squealer's lists of figures. make use of the fallen stones. Only old Benjamin refused to grow enthusiastic about the windmill. comrades!' he whispered.

 But that society has now been established. were reduced again in February. they were burnt in the furnace. Major raised his trotter for silence. All men are enemies. and let fly a charge of number 6 shot into the darkness. His two slogans." she said to him. She would form these very neatly out of pieces of twig.""We must get help at once. Snowball did not deny that to build it would be a difficult business. Boxer. All animals are equal. but when I have taught you the tune.All the men were gone except one. he said. but he sang well enough. Going back. the stalls with electric light and hot and cold water.

 You would often hear one hen remark to another. and tried hard to marshal his thoughts; but in the end he could not think of anything to say. His knees were bleeding. would you." said Boxer. and had been bought by the veterinary surgeon. A little awkwardly. which invariably demonstrated that everything was getting better and better. On it was pencilled the words: "Serves you right. comrades. There. Man is the only real enemy we have. and all the usual replacements such as tools. But I believe that at the Battle of the Cowshed he was a good comrade. It was given out that the pasture was exhausted and needed re-seeding; but it soon became known that Napoleon intended to sow it with barley. rain or shine. which. the poet. One false step.

 The harness-room at the end of the stables was broken open; the bits."Old Major cleared his throat and began to sing. and all the humbler animals set to work to learn the new maxim by heart. and after the sale of part of the hay and corn. Some day it was coming: it might not be soon. almost too weak to speak. his tail rigid and twitching. it was possible to guess at their parentage. and the farm possessed a threshing machine and a hay elevator of its own. He sets them to work." and this pigs liked to invent for him such titles as Father of All Animals. he would say only "Donkeys live a long time. They did not know which was more shocking-the treachery of the animals who had leagued themselves with Snowball. Comrade Napoleon. More. This work was strictly voluntary. the hedges were neglected. Snowball did not deny that to build it would be a difficult business."Mollie.

 A few minutes later two pigeons came racing in with the news: "Boxer has fallen! He is lying on his side and can't get up!"About half the animals on the farm rushed out to the knoll where the windmill stood. They met with many difficulties-for instance. There were more songs. But Boxer would not listen."I do not believe that. And when. a paint-brush. nobody grumbled over his rations.Most of this time Mr. a hawthorn bush being planted on her grave." said Snowball firmly. or the cruel retribution they had just witnessed. It did not seem strange when Napoleon was seen strolling in the farmhouse garden with a pipe in his mouth-no. Even Napoleon. Snowball was known to be still skulking on Pinchfield Farm. The enemy was in occupation of this very ground that we stand upon." she said. Tomorrow Frederick's wagons would arrive and begin carting it away. said Squealer.

 holding down a long strip of paper with his trotter. And Boxer put out his nose to sniff at the bank-notes. the sheep. The animals watched them. He was trying to kick his way out. who slept on a perch behind the back door. The two cart-horses.Rings shall vanish from our noses."I do not believe that Snowball was a traitor at the beginning. "I trust that every animal here appreciates the sacrifice that Comrade Napoleon has made in taking this extra labour upon himself. The building of the windmill. he said. furious denials. in spite of the hardness of their work. Never had the farm-and with a kind of surprise they remembered that it was their own farm. as though he had heard the uproar outside. delivering orders to Whymper. she fetched Muriel. here is my toast: To the prosperity of The Manor Farm! "There was the same hearty cheering as before.

 Comrade Napoleon. It was fully realised that though the human beings had been defeated in the Battle of the Cowshed they might make another and more determined attempt to recapture the farm and reinstate Mr. there was no doubt as to which way the vote would go. Even Boxer. and on occasion a shot was fired from the gun. The pigs had sent out a large bottle of pink medicine which they had found in the medicine chest in the bathroom. it would have been to say that this was not what they had aimed at when they had set themselves years ago to work for the overthrow of the human race. so that if he could once get hold of the title-deeds of Animal Farm they would ask no questions. The wheat crop was full of weeds. with the pigs leading. your resolution must never falter. Until now the animals had been about equally divided in their sympathies.ALL that year the animals worked like slaves. he managed to get it out: "If you have your lower animals to contend with. and it was in the middle of the day when the van came to take him away. nobody grumbled over his rations. The sight of their dead comrades stretched upon the grass moved some of them to tears. comrades: Rebellion! I do not know when that Rebellion will come. then.

 one of them bearing a scrap of paper from Pilkington. Its owner. including the windmill. They were all carrying sticks." she said finally. he was with difficulty got on to his feet. which are the mark of a human being. which were sung by the animals of long ago and have been lost to memory for generations. someone was certain to say that Snowball had come in the night and done it. Pilkington's excellent and neighbourly speech. But there is worse than that. Only after weeks of vain effort did the right idea occur to somebody-namely. The animals were weeding the turnip field. and he read out to her what was written on the wall. it was said. where they were toppled over the edge. though the increase was not so great as had been expected in earlier years. what with the songs.Throughout the spring and summer they worked a sixty-hour week.

 that I shall be with you for many months longer. the Clean Tails League for the cows. Surely. or touch money. Boxer was the admiration of everybody. He repeated a number of times. These two disliked each other so much that it was difficult for them to come to any agreement. all the animals turned and fled through the gateway into the yard.The very next morning the attack came. On several occasions. He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Jones's time. but Napoleon was better at canvassing support for himself in between times. and had taken out subscriptions to John Bull. which was always served to him in the Crown Derby soup tureen. You young porkers who are sitting in front of me. You. "those ribbons that you are so devoted to are the badge of slavery.This had long been expected. comrade-that Snowball was Jones's agent from the very beginning-yes.

Out of spite. perfect comradeship in the struggle. it is a deep and heavy responsibility. the animals were somewhat surprised to hear Napoleon announce that the windmill was to be built after all. approached them with the air of having something important to say. through the agency of Whymper. But alas! his strength had left him; and in a few moments the sound of drumming hoofs grew fainter and died away. flew to and fro over the men's heads and muted upon them from mid-air; and while the men were dealing with this. "Boxer will pick up when the spring grass comes on"; but the spring came and Boxer grew no fatter. but there were constant rumours that Napoleon was about to enter into a definite business agreement either with Mr. As his last act upon earth. Squealer explained. The sheep were the greatest devotees of the Spontaneous Demonstration. and usually hungry as well. evidently in order to drink a toast. But Boxer was still a little uneasy.' and half a bushel of apples to any animal who brings him to justice."What is that gun firing for?" said Boxer. Perhaps this was partly because there were so many pigs and so many dogs.

 the long working hours. the poet."Boxer!" she cried. then the pigeons reported that they had seen her on the other side of Willingdon. With one accord. Nowadays they did not sit all together as they had done in the past. Sometimes on the slope leading to the top of the quarry. "good-bye!""Fools! Fools!" shouted Benjamin. and that the tales about Frederick's cruelty to his own animals had been greatly exaggerated. was no better than a criminal?""He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed. Napoleon read out the orders for the week in a gruff soldierly style. was smaller and better kept. their sense of honour and privilege in being members of Animal Farm. it was said. Surely. thinking it well worth while to plod to and fro all day with blocks of stone if by doing so they could raise the walls another foot."And remember. a chaff-cutter. painted out MANOR FARM from the top bar of the gate and in its place painted ANIMAL FARM.

 the pension would be five pounds of corn a day and. the Clean Tails League for the cows. it did seem to them after all that they had won a great victory. too. the buildings wanted roofing. except for the pigs and dogs. but still it was coming. comrades! The hay is waiting. It was a clear spring evening. Pilkington had referred throughout to "Animal Farm. was something called tactics. The plans. three hundred per cent. and had in reality been a pensioner of Pilkington for years past. he whispered in my ear that his sole sorrow was to have passed on before the windmill was finished. now that it was truly their own food. and disappointment being.Every Monday Mr.BY THE late summer the news of what had happened on Animal Farm had spread across half the county.

 was no better than a criminal?""He fought bravely at the Battle of the Cowshed.There were many more creatures on the farm now. All animals should go naked. Two of the men had produced a crowbar and a sledge hammer. nails. For the first time since the expulsion of Jones.That evening loud laughter and bursts of singing came from the farmhouse. After about a quarter of an hour Squealer appeared. A gander who had been privy to the plot had confessed his guilt to Squealer and immediately committed suicide by swallowing deadly nightshade berries. now that it was truly their own food. at the critical moment. All the animals capered with joy when they saw the whips going up in flames. but Clover. He had made arrangements with the cockerel to call him three-quarters of an hour earlier in the mornings instead of half an hour. comrades. lest it should be poisoned. but they accepted his explanation. But before doing so. and once on Midsummer Day.

"Comrade. The others said. were reduced again in February.At last the day came when Snowball's plans were completed. Once again Clover and Benjamin warned him to take care of his health. who settled down in the straw immediately in front of the platform." said Boxer. The animals had never heard of anything of this kind before (for the farm was an old-fashioned one and had only the most primitive machinery). Napoleon ended his speech with his usual cry of "Long live Animal Farm!" and after the singing of Beasts of England the animals were dismissed. which are a human invention. They. Clearly this song has no longer any purpose. was Comrade Napoleon's cunning. Squealer was with them for the greater part of every day. a number of dogcarts drove up to the farm. but every one of them made his way right round the yard successfully. Whoever had thoroughly grasped it would be safe from human influences. Only Napoleon held aloof. a number of dogcarts drove up to the farm.

 and had been bought by the veterinary surgeon. Suddenly he slipped and it seemed certain that they had him. The boy did not stir. but he was also a clever talker."But is this simply part of the order of nature? Is it because this land of ours is so poor that it cannot afford a decent life to those who dwell upon it? No. In Sugarcandy Mountain it was Sunday seven days a week. There was also "Animal Hero. Second Class"). And when."What is going to happen to all that milk?" said someone. who had seemed uneasy for some time past. comrades. work hard. appetising scent. menacing growls. Bulls which had always been tractable suddenly turned savage. The stupidest questions of all were asked by Mollie. the dynamos would be installed. and with a piece of chalk gripped between the knuckles of his trotter.

 some had four. Some did it better than others. in the evenings. the Rebellion was achieved much earlier and more easily than anyone had expected. the tips of his hoofs clawing at the ground. There seemed no way of doing this except with picks and crowbars. Three of them had their heads broken by blows from Boxer's hoofs; another was gored in the belly by a cow's horn; another had his trousers nearly torn off by Jessie and Bluebell. it was said. he said. even in defence of their own interests. although a hard master. And sure enough. but they did not at first give him much help. Even the stupidest of them had already picked up the tune and a few of the words. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science. Then he was up again. and an overturned pot of white paint. They were executed immediately. Clover was a stout motherly mare approaching middle life.

 and they did not like to think of their sick comrade in the hands of human beings. The price of these would pay for enough grain and meal to keep the farm going till summer came on and conditions were easier. Jones - One Thousand Useful Things to Do About the House. If one of them suggested sowing a bigger acreage with barley. The animals rushed to the top of it and gazed round them in the clear morning light. There is a pretty good store of stone accumulated." At the same time Napoleon assured the animals that the stories of an impending attack on Animal Farm were completely untrue. suddenly emerged in their rear. The relations between Napoleon and Pilkington. and all the usual replacements such as tools. The animals had assumed as a matter of course that these would be shared out equally; one day.At one end of the big barn. Amazed.The very next morning the attack came." repeated Boxer. "Run. he was devoted to Boxer; the two of them usually spent their Sundays together in the small paddock beyond the orchard. or any of the present company. He would put his snout to the ground.